Plomo

Lead
82Pb
Sn ↑ Pb ↓ Fl Periodic table thallium ← lead → bismuth
Appearance
metallic gray
General properties
Name, simbolo, kaiphan	lead, Pb, 82
Pronunciation	Plantilya:IPAc-en Plantilya:Respell
Element category	post-transition metal
Group, period, block	14, 6, p
Standard atomic weight	207.2
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
History
Discovery	Middle Easterns (7000 BC)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Density (near r.t.)	11.34 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	10.66 g·cm−3
Melting point	600.61 K, 327.46 °C, 621.43 °F
Boiling point	2022 K, 1749 °C, 3180 °F
Heat of fusion	4.77 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	179.5 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	26.650 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 978 1088 1229 1412 1660 2027
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1 (Amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	2.33 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies	1st: 715.6 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1450.5 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 3081.5 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	175 pm
Covalent radius	146±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	202 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 208 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	35.3 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 28.9 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(r.t.) (annealed) 1190 m·s−1
Young's modulus	16 GPa
Shear modulus	5.6 GPa
Bulk modulus	46 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.44
Mohs hardness	1.5
Brinell hardness	38.3 MPa
CAS registry number	7439-92-1
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of lead
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 204Pb 1.4% >1.4×1017 y α 1.972 200Hg 205Pb syn 1.53×107 y ε 0.051 205Tl 206Pb 24.1% 206Pb is stable with 124 neutrons 207Pb 22.1% 207Pb is stable with 125 neutrons 208Pb 52.4% >2×1019 y α 0.5188 204Hg 210Pb trace 22.3 y α 3.792 206Hg β− 0.064 210Bi

Ang plomo (Iningles lead) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Pb ug kaiphan nga atomik 82. Ang plomo mao ang puthaw.

Galeriya sa hulagway

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